Salsabila, Shakila Indar (2026) An Analysis of Students’ Challenges in Writing Descriptive Text at Senior High School 1 Raman Utara. Undergraduate thesis, UIN Jurai Siwo Lampung.

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Abstract

The background of this study originated from the various linguistic challenges faced by students in writing descriptive texts. These difficulties were reflected in their limited vocabulary mastery, inappropriate vocabulary usage, grammatical errors, difficulties in constructing sentences, and mistakes in spelling and punctuation. In addition, some students experienced problems in developing ideas and maintaining cohesion and coherence in their writing. This study employed a qualitative method with a case study design conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Raman Utara. The participants consisted of one English teacher and five tenth-grade students selected based on different levels of writing ability.

The data were collected through classroom observation, interviews, and document analysis of students‟ descriptive writing. The findings revealed that students encountered several linguistic challenges in writing descriptive texts. The most dominant challenges were limited vocabulary mastery, grammatical errors, particularly in the use of the simple present tense, difficulties in constructing effective sentences, and problems related to spelling and punctuation. The document analysis showed that students with lower writing proficiency tended to make more linguistic errors than those with higher proficiency. Furthermore, the interview findings indicated that limited vocabulary and insufficient grammatical knowledge were the main factors that hindered students‟ writing performance.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that linguistic challenges remain a major obstacle for students in writing descriptive texts. To address these challenges, the teacher applied several strategies, such as providing vocabulary support, modeling descriptive texts, teaching grammar, giving feedback, and guiding students throughout the writing process. Meanwhile, the students used strategies such as consulting dictionaries, seeking assistance from teachers and peers, revising their writing, and practicing writing regularly. These strategies helped students improve their descriptive writing ability and reduce linguistic errors in their written work.

Keywords: Descriptive Text, Linguistic Challenges, Student Strategies, Teacher Strategies, Writing Skills.

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